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  • How to identify and fix circular‑reasoning logic inside your own manuscript ...

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    Circular reasoning occurs when your conclusion implicitly assumes what you are trying to prove. Authors are often blind to circular logic inside their own writing. What self‑audit steps help you spot circular argument patterns in your draft?

    Henry Collins, Hai Yuan and 44 others
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    • Trace backwards: ask what independent evidence supports each key premise of your conclusion.

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      • Ask whether the argument would collapse if you remove your target conclusion statement.

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